A12



                         ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT

                                           Date:  May 18, 1995

   TO:       Vancouver City Council

   FROM:     General Manager of Human Resource Services,
             in consultation with Corporate Management Team

   SUBJECT:  Evaluation   of   Staff   Training    and   Development
   Initiatives


   RECOMMENDATIONS

        A.   THAT Council  receive the attached  *"Evaluation Report
             on   Staff   Training   and   Development   Plan"   for
             information.

        B.   THAT  Council approve  additional funds of  $375,000 in
             each  of the  next 3 years  (1995-1997) to  further the
             implementation  of the  Staff Training  and Development
             Plan; funding for the 1995 instalment has been provided
             for within the budget approved by  Council on April 27,
             1995.

        C.   THAT   Council  instruct  the  General  Manager,  Human
             Resource  Services  to  provide  an  annual  report  to
             Council   on   the   effectiveness   of   training  and
             development initiatives.

   GENERAL MANAGER'S COMMENTS

        Training  and  development   of  current  and   future  City
        employees is key for  enabling the City to be  responsive to
        changing needs.   The implementation of  the 5-Year Plan  is
        well   underway  and  is   achieving  the  desired  results.
        Continued funding for this  program is strongly supported by
        department heads and the Corporate Management Team.

   COUNCIL POLICY

   In July  1993,  Council  established  staff training  as  a  high
   priority, approved in principle  the training program outlined in
   a  Five  Year  Training   and  Development  Plan,  and  allocated
   additional funds in the amount  of $375,000 to begin implementing
   that Plan.  Council  further requested a report-back on  a yearly
   basis  but  specifically requested  an  evaluation  of the  first
   year's experience before  committing funds for additional  years.
   In addition, Council  established training as a  core program not
   subject to budget reduction  in ordinary circumstances.  Further,
   in  December 1994,    Council approved  a major  corporate change
   program for  City services  which re-emphasize the  need to  have
   staff trained and developed for the future.

   *LIMITED  DISTRIBUTION  TO  COUNCIL:   On  file  in  City Clerk's
   OfficePURPOSE

   The  purpose of  this  report is  to  provide Council  a  summary
   evaluation for the first  full year of the new staff training and
   development initiatives and to seek funding for the completion of
   the implementation of  the 5 Year Staff Training  and Development

   Plan.

   BACKGROUND

   The City  of Vancouver's  objectives emphasize the  importance of
   having  a diverse, skilled  and motivated workforce.   In October
   1991,  Council  approved in  principle  a  properly funded  staff
   training  and  development program.    However,  to identify  the
   funding required, a detailed program needed to be developed.  

   In 1992, an interdepartmental  team carried out a full  review of
   the  City's training programs.  The team identified the resources
   being spent  and  how  they were  allocated,  and  evaluated  the
   effectiveness of those programs.   This review identified a small
   number of programs  which were  not targeted to  City needs,  and
   confirmed  that the majority of the programs were effective.  The
   review  team also  proposed  a revised  training and  development
   program  that was  aligned  with the City's  mission, values, and
   objectives.  The program  was needed to achieve  enhanced quality
   of service  provided to the  City's customers,   build  effective
   internal working relations, and improve overall performance.  The
   project  team presented the results to Council in July 1993 which
   Council endorsed.

   In approving  the revised training and  development plan, Council
   requested  staff report  back on  the effectiveness of  these new
   initiatives.

   DISCUSSION

   A formal evaluation of  the training plan was carried  out during
   the  first quarter  of  1995.   The  evaluation focussed  on  the
   program  design and delivery as well as the implementation of the
   Staff Training and Development  Plan.  The evaluation methodology
   included:

            follow-up workplace evaluation
            immediate post-session evaluations
            demographics of program participation
            return-on-investment (ROI)
            benchmarking
   The 5 Year Plan identified several Strategic Training Areas.  The
   initial implementation concentrated  on designing and  delivering
   workshops in the following areas:

            Leadership
            Adaptability (Embracing Change and Valuing Diversity)
            Communication
            City operations (Safety and Emergency Preparedness)

   Therefore, the evaluation concentrated on  the above.  It  should
   be  noted that some of the delivery  of these  programs, and most
   of the development  work for  new programs to  start in 1995  was
   suspended in mid-1994.   This occurred due to City  staff working
   in these areas  being re-deployed  during the job  action by  the
   VMREU.

   Evaluation

   1.  Follow-up workplace (results and behaviour)

   Council was informed in July 1994 that a structured questionnaire
   would  be  administered,  plus  a  random  sample  of  one-on-one
   interviews,  to  determine if  the participant  had been  able to
   apply  the learning  on  the job.   This  is  the most  effective
   evaluation  tool and  is  used to  determine  if the  skills  and

   knowledge  received  during  the  training  are  transferred into
   action in the workplace.   To do this, information  was solicited
   from  both  the participants  and  the participants'  supervisors
   approximately 3-6 months after the training session.  

   Questions were asked in relation to the "Working with Change" and
   "Leadership"  workshops.    The  target population  for  these  2
   workshops  was  the  approximate  600  managers  and  supervisors
   throughout the City system.

   Approximately  300  (50%)  of  the above  target  population  was
   surveyed;  of this number, 30% (90) completed the written survey.
   This is considered  a very  good response rate  as an  acceptable
   industry   standard  is   5-10%.   Of  this   number,  70%   were
   managers/supervisors  and  30%  were  employees.    The   results
   indicate  that  over  50%   of  training  received  was  directly
   applicable to the workplace.  Many indicated that the new  skills
   and knowledge were  effectively transferred. However, there  were
   several barriers  identified where the skills  and knowledge were
   not  transferred.    These  include  the  person's  workload,  no
   "learning/practice" time  allowed on  the job, lack  of   support
   from the supervisor to try new things.

   The results from 1994 form the benchmark  for future evaluations.
   Further, from the information that was provided, additional data
   will need to be gathered in order to measure the effectiveness in
   the future.  

   Information on barriers will  be useful in the design  of further
   initiatives  which  would  assist in  ensuring  that  appropriate
   support and follow-up  occurs at the  workplace in the  future.2.
   Immediate post-session

   This  type  of evaluation,  commonly  referred to  as  the "smile
   sheets"  or "happiness  index," collects  input from  the program
   participants  on  the  training  experience at  the  end  of  the
   particular session.   This form  of evaluation was  used for  the
   first  6 months  of  delivery (through  June  1994); 95%  of  the
   participants responded.   Of these responses,  90% felt workshops
   had positive value for them.  What was particularly noteworthy is
   that  these  same  respondents  expressed  appreciation  for  the
   efforts and opportunities the City was providing  in helping them
   adjust to the new workplace.   Some of the more specific comments
   included:

        "Structure and content applies to everyday happenings
        at workplace; activities gave us an opportunity to practice
        what was instructed."

        "The City  is making an effort  to make us feel  part of the
        team."

        "The City seems committed to bringing about change in
        the workplace." 

        "I was particularly pleased with the overall emphasis of
        the course.  They portend a new attitude and approach
        I find very helpful and useful.

   The participants provided very  useful information to ensure that
   the  workshops  were  refined  to  fit  the  objectives  of   the
   workshops.

   Immediate post-session evaluations are being used in 1995 and the
   data will be used in next year's evaluation.  

   3.  Demographics of Program Participation

   The  following table and graphs show the overall participation in
   the  corporate training  offerings.As  is noted,  close to  3,000
   registrants  participated  in  some form  of  corporate training.
   Since many of these  registrants were the same individual  in two
   different workshops, the total number of individual employees who
   accessed training opportunities was about 2,000.  This represents
   22%  of the employee population and well  exceeds the goal of the
   plan for the first year of implementation.  
   4.  Return-on-investment (ROI)

   Many organizations have attempted to assess the value of training
   initiatives  through an  ROI approach.   Staff  involved in  this
   evaluation  project  contacted  BC  Tel,  ICBC  and BC  Hydro  to
   determine the usefulness of an ROI approach.  These organizations
   indicated that  they did not use  an ROI approach as  it would be
   too   costly  in  terms  of   both  people  and   dollars.    The
   organizations  had determined  that they  would rather  spend the
   dollars elsewhere.

   Information  received  from  other  organizations  across  Canada
   supported   not  using   an  ROI   approach  to   evaluating  the
   effectiveness of training and development initiatives.

   5.  Trends in Other Organizations: Benchmarking

   The  following  table demonstrates  that  the  City of  Vancouver
   record  has improved  compared to  1991.   The average  number of
   training days  per employee in 1991  was 1.0 compared  to 1.23 in
   1993.  However, it  also demonstrates that the average  number of
   days devoted to training and development for all organizations is
   increasing (3.5 days in 1991 compared to 4.0 days in 1993).Future
   Needs

   Year 2  of the Staff  Training and Development  Plan contemplated
   increasing funds for job-specific training. In order to determine
   the specific  needs and  to do  so on a  consistent basis  and to
   avoid duplication,  each department  in the latter  part of  1994
   prepared a  Departmental Training  Plan.    Although job-specific
   training  is delivered  at  departmental levels,  the plans  were
   reviewed by corporate staff.  This exercise successfully provided
   departments the  opportunity to review current  and future needs,
   and determine how best  to meet training needs specific  to jobs.
   There were also  needs identified  which either are  or could  be
   part of the corporate offerings.

   The  development of departmental  training plans  determined that
   approximately $260,000 of the requested $375,000 would be devoted
   to   job-specific  training   with   the  remaining   being  used
   corporately to  coordinate or deliver job-specific  training that
   crosses  several departments.   Examples  of the  additional job-
   specific  training  are:   equipment operator  training; computer
   mapping; applied  electrical  controls; commercial  leases;  real
   estate  litigation; gas appliance  repairs; first aid; diversity;
   conflict resolution; and construction management.

   FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS

   In  total, the Staff Training and Development Plan would add $1.5
   million  to  the  Operating  Budget in  instalments  of  $375,000
   annually  until 1997.  Based  on Council's approval  in 1994, the
   first instalment has  been allocated to training  programs in the
   1995 estimates.  Funding  for the 1995 instalment is  provided in
   the Operating Budget approved  by Council on April 27,  1995, and
   this report recommends it be allocated to the identified training

   needs.  With Council approval of recommendation B, the balance of
   the funding  will  be  provided as  part  of the  1996  and  1997
   Operating Budgets.

   SUMMARY

   Overall,  the feedback for the  first year of  the Staff Training
   and Development Plan was very positive and confirmed the need for
   continued  commitment and funding.  Much of the offerings in 1994
   provided  the  foundation  for  the  City   to  embark  upon  the
   organizational   change   program  in   December   1994.     Most
   importantly, the  training  was  shown  to  be  relevant  to  the
   majority of  participants surveyed, and to  demonstrate the value
   the  City places on the continual training and development of its
   employees.

   A copy of  this report has been provided to  all civic unions and
   employee group representatives.


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